The project focused on the viability of applying genetic algorithms (GAs) to the structural optimisation of real-world structures.2 GAs rely on a large number of evaluations of the function to be optimised – in the case of structural assessment these are FE calculations. The origins of the Karamba plug-in for Robert McNeel & Associates’ Grasshopper® date back to a research project entitled Algorithmic Generation of Complex Space Frames,1 carried out at the University of Applied Arts Vienna in collaboration with Bollinger + Grohmann Engineers. One of the goals was to create a fast, lightweight tool that facilitates a seamless flow of data between structural and geometric models. It is geared towards use within an interactive, parametric architectural design environment. Though developed in a structural engineering firm, its main focus does not lie in this field. Karamba is a finite element (FE) program for predicting the behavior of structures under external loads. Member connectivity and thus structural performance depend only on the angles of the members with respect to a given reference surface. bottom right: Parameterisation strategy for the White Noise music pavilion. Top right The irregular layout of truss diagonals emerged from a genetic algorithm that optimised for structural performance and efficiency of material. Preisinger here describes the program’s evolution and application. Intended to be used by architects rather than being solely confined to an engineering setting, it enables a seamless flow of data between structural and geometric models. The Karamba plug-in developed by Clemens Preisinger in collaboration with Bollinger + Grohmann Engineers has been developed to predict the behaviour of structures under external loads. Linking Structure and Parametric Geometry Clemens Preisingerīelow: Straight aluminium rods of uniform length, arranged in a seemingly random fashion, form the load-bearing structure of the Salzburg Biennale music pavilion.

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